Xenentodon cancila is a valid scientific name.

Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton, 1822)

Freshwater Garfish - Kakila - Native Fish - Wild (Freshwater)

View: Lateral [Hossain, 2019]

Systematic Position: [2]

Kingdom	:	Animalia
Phylum	:	Chordata
Class	:	Teleostei
Order	:	Beloniformes
Family	:	Belonidae
Genus	:	Xenentodon
Species	:	Xenentodon cancila

Common Names:

English	:	Freshwater Garfish[729]
Bangla	:	Kakila[5] Kaikka[5] Kakla[274] Kakle[274] Kakhus[274] Kanhya[274] Gangturi[274] Kaila[729] Kakhle[729] Kakhla[729] Thure[729] Thuria[729] Thuhure[729] Bachari maach[729] Boga maach[729] Kakhua[729] Kakia[729]

Synonyms:

Esox cancila Hamilton, 1822
Belone cancila (Hamilton, 1822)
Xenenthodon cancila (Hamilton, 1822)
Belone graii Sykes, 1839 May
Esox indica McClelland, 1842
Esox hindostanicus Falconer, 1868
Xenentodon canciloides (Non Bleeker, 1854 Feb)

Maximum Length and Weight:

261 mm (TL) ^[5]

Inter-Length Relationship:

Head length : Total length : Standard length = 1 : 2.5-2.9 : 2.4-2.7 ^[5]
Body height : Total length : Standard length = 1 : 11-15 : 10-14 ^[5]
Eye Diameter : Head length = 1 : 8-10 ^[5]
Eye Diameter : Snout length = 1 : 5-6 ^[5]
Eye Diameter : Inter orbial width = 1 : 1 ^[5]
Inter orbial width : Eye Diameter = 1 : 1 ^[5]

Taxonomic Formula:

D. 15-16; P₁. 10-11; P₂. 6; A. 17-18 ^{[Rahman, 2005]}
D 15-18; A 16-18; P 11; V 6 ^{[Talwar and Jhingran, 1991]}
B X; D 16-19; A 16-19; P 11-12; V 6; C 15 ^{[Shafi and Quddus, 1982]}

Scales:

Cycloid. 25 scales between origin of dorsal fin and lateral line. [5]

Chemistry:

Name

Amount

Unit

Body Parts

Matter Type

Specimen

Ref.

13-cis-dehydroretinol

12

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

13-cis-retinol

9

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

All-trans-dehydroretinol

53

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

All-trans-retinol

54

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Ash

15.80

%

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Ash

3.48

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Ash

1.8

g/100 g

Edible parts

Raw

824

Calcium

0.94

%

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Calcium

0.21

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Calcium

610

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Copper

0.046

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Energy

329

kJ/100 g

Edible parts

Raw

824

Fat

1.2

g/100 g

Edible parts

Raw

824

Folate

9.2

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Gross energy

21.40

kJ/g

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Gross energy

4.71

kJ/g

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Iodine

37

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Iron

0.65

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Lipid

10.11

%

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Lipid

2.23

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Magnesium

35

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Manganese

0.47

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Moisture

77.98

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Moisture

80.2

g/100 g

Edible parts

Raw

824

Muscle protein

21.00

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Phosphorus

2.14

%

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Phosphorus

0.47

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Phosphorus

450

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Potassium

190

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Protein

73.60

%

Whole body

Dry

Wild

887

Protein

16.21

%

Whole body

Fresh

Wild

887

Protein

17.1

g/100 g

Edible parts

Raw

824

Selenium

29

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Sodium

49

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Sulphur

240

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Vitamin A

91

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Vitamin B12

2.89

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Vitamin D2

0.66

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Vitamin D3

1.4

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Vitamin E (α-tocopherol)

0.40

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Zinc

1.9

mg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

β-Carotene

56

μg/ 100 g

Edible parts

Raw

Wild

824

Conservation Status:

Global	:	Least Concern (LC)	(Version 3.1) [572]
Bangladesh	:	Least Concern (LC)	(Version 3.1) [277]

Occurrence/Distribution:

Global	:	Bangladesh[70] Bhutan[739] Cambodia[823] India[37] India[449] Laos[831] Malaysia[597] Myanmar[832] Nepal[134] Pakistan[741] Sri Lanka[90] Vietnam[890]
Bangladesh	:	Padma river, Rajshahi[274] Chalan beel, Natore[490] Halda River, Chittagong Hill Tracts[598] Sunamganj haor region, Sunamganj[729] Kaptai reservoir (Kaptai lake), Rangamati[753] Mahananda River, Chapainawabganj[775] River Choto Jamuna, Naogaon[9] Tulsiganga River, Joypurhat[780] Meghna river, Narsingdi[781] Dhepa river, Dinajpur[779] Borulia haor, Kishoreganj[794] Chitra river, Jashore[793] Buriganga River, Dhaka[798] Old brahmaputra, Mymensingh[796] Talma River, Panchagarh[800] Little feni river, Feni[795] Someshwari river, Netrokona[806] Jamunashwori river, Rangpur[808] Atrai River, Dinajpur[815] Banar River, Mymensingh[1023] Bangshi River, Dhaka[1024] Tanguar Haor, Sunamganj[1025] Punarbhaba, Dinajpur[1161] Ramnabad river, Patuakhali[1163] Feni river, Feni[1165] Muhuri river, Feni[1165] Shakla heel, Brahmanbaria[1167] Balla beel, Moulvibazar[1168] Lohalia river, Patuakhali[1200] Betna river, Satkhira[1201] Ghaghat river, Gaibandha[1202] Sandha river, Pirojpur[1206] Belua river, Pirojpur[1207] Agunmukha river, Patuakhali[1208] Bishkhali river, Jhalakathi[816]

Habitat and Environment:

Habitat:
Canal, Beel, Haor, Baor, River ^[347]

Environment:

Parameters	Units	Minimum	Maximum	Optimum	Ref.
Temperature	-	-	-	-	-
pH	-	-	-	-	-
DO	-	-	-	-	-
Free CO2	-	-	-	-	-

Breeding Maturity:

Data not available

Breeding Season: (red background)

Data not available

Fecundity:

Data not available

Food and Feeding Habit:

Diet composition (%): Data not available

Importance:

Production and Marketing:
Production/Harvesting Season: (Green = Peak, Yellow = Off, Lemon = Moderate)

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[792]

Harvesting Gears:
Seine net, Gill net, Cast net, Bamboo trap ^[792]
Market price:
120-150 BDT/kg (Size: 15-20 cm, Weight: 40-50 g, Place: Noakhali, Bangladesh) ^[792]